Lexical Relation in the Coldplay’s Album “A Head Full of Dream”

The goal of this research is to reveal the various types of lexical relation realized in the song lyrics of Coldplay's album “A Head Full of Dream” and to interpret the meaning of lexical relation of song lyrics. Even though this research is similar to the object or theory with others, this research has made sure there are some differences such as the result and the idea being focused on Saeed's division. It examined the data in the text using the descriptive qualitative method. The data was song lyrics from Coldplay's album, which has nine songs. The information was compiled into a single song lyric. As a result, each word would be linked to the other words that have a relationship. Also, one lexical relation discovered would be listed in one song lyric. This investigation discovered the relations based on Saeed's idea, such as synonyms, antonyms, polysemy, homonym, hyponym, and meronyms. This study also concluded that synonym is more dominating relationship and meronym has fewest relations based on the data analysis.


INTRODUCTION
The meaning of language is something that cannot be separated from one another because language as a way of communication requires understanding in every word or sentence that is uttered.According to Zakiyah & Zakrimal (2020:45), the most important aspect of a language is its meaning caused by it serves as the main conduit for social interaction, as is well recognized.Language cannot be classified as a type of communication without meaning.Even if a language's meaning is vague and ambiguous, there will still be misunderstandings when those meanings are accepted.Semantic is the branch of study language about meaning that can help us express something effectively with other people who speak the same language or a different language (Guntar, 2022:191).Syarifuddin & Hasyim (2020:2) argued that the most important idea is that meaning is essential for effective communication, as it allows us to understand each other and communicate clearly.This research will discuss the relationship in linguistics called lexical relation.Lexical relation belongs to the semantic material which is one of the branches of linguistics.Lexical is related to the meaning of the word based on what is found in the dictionary.Siregar (2021:67) concluded that lexical relation is defined as the relationship between words and as the study of how vocabulary is maintained and how the meanings of lexical items are related to each other in the lexical relation.Every word has a meaning and has a relation with other words.For example, the word "beautiful" is described as having the quality of beauty.The word "beautiful" has a relation with a word like "good-looking", "pretty", and "gorgeous" and the relation is called a synonym.It was an example of lexical relation and we can look at how the word has a relation with the other words.Malik (2017:946) concluded that lexical relations are regarded to be an efficient way of clarifying the meanings of words in a variety of ways in communication, potentially resulting in improved communication.Lexical relations can be thought of as an effective way of understanding a word's precise meaning and how it is related to other words in English text.
Lexical relation is classified into several kinds, which will be employed in this study.Synonym, antonym, polysemy, homonym, hyponym, and meronym are the different types.A synonym is a term that has a similar meaning or interpretation to another word.An antonym is a term that has the opposite meaning of another word.Polysemy is a term that incorporates multiple interpretations and can be identified by its placement in a phrase.A homonym refers to a term that has a similar pronunciation or sound but a different meaning.A hyponym is a word relationship in which one word is the type of another.Meronym is a word relationship in which one word is a portion of another word.
The analysis of this research will use the lexical types.This analysis used the song lyrics by the group band Coldplay as data.Miarsih et al.,(2018:71) argued that songs help young learners develop their listening and speaking skills, as well as useful tools for learning about vocabulary, sentence structure, and patterns.Maulana & Suprayogi (2022:42) expressed that song lyric is a social phenomenon that uses style and genre to express emotions.Pasisingi et al., (2022:232) revealed that lyrics are a written expression of a person's thoughts and feelings; they also contain written messages in the pattern of words or sentences which can be used to create a certain imaginary atmosphere and image for listeners, allowing them to create their meaning.Because Coldplay has producing many songs, this research just takes some songs from the band.The songs are the collection from one of their album "A Head Full of Dream".
Coldplay is the group band from British with their alternative rock genre.The band is famous and their songs are popular for some people around the world.Because Coldplay has produced many songs, this research just takes some songs from the band.The songs are the collection from one of their album "A Head Full of Dream".The band is famous and their songs are popular with some people around the world.The band was formed in 1996 with Chris Martin as a vocalist, Johnny Buckland as a guitarist, Guy Berryman as a bassist, and Will Champion as a drummer.The four members are still together to entertain until right now.The album A Head Full of Dream as the source data is Coldplay's seventh album collection released in 2015.It is nine songs that consisted in this album and they would be the data to be analyzed.
The previous research which has similar research is from Husein (2019) made the graduation paper with the title "A Semantic Analysis of Lexical Relations in Muse Selected Song Lyrics".It has the aim to figure out the types of lexical relation and to determine whether the most prominent lexical relation used in the selected song lyrics from Muse.The author found that polysemy is dominantly used based on the analysis of research.Another previous research which has similar context from Puspita Febriasari & Muamaroh (2018), in their article "An Analysis of Lexical Relations in Amnesia Song Taken from 5 Seconds of Summer Album".The research objective is to figure out the most prominent lexical relation with the descriptive qualitative method.It showed lexical relations with synonyms, antonyms, polysemy, homonym, and hyponym.It was found that the most dominant is a synonym and the lowest is a homonym.Another research from Halim (2019) with the thesis "An Analysis of Ambiguity of Rich Brian's Song Lyrics in the Sailor Album".It investigated the types and the meaning of lexical ambiguity in the song lyrics of "The Sailor" album by Rich Brian with qualitative method.It found lexical ambiguity type of polysemy and homonym.
The else related research journal which has been undertaken is from Ariska et al. (2020).They identified the lexical relation types in the book "Lewis Carroll's Alice in Wonderland" and looked for the most dominant lexical relation from the analysis.By using the descriptive qualitative method, they found 65 utterances of synonyms, homonyms, hyponyms, and antonyms.They revealed that antonyms as the most dominant lexical and hyponyms as the least lexical.
A similar research object is from Nuraeni et al.(2021) with album "A Head Full of Dreams" by Coldplay as their object.However, the difference among these researches is the theoretical framework.Their article "The Use of Figurative Language in a Head Full of Dreams Album by Coldplay", investigated the various types of figurative language, the most prevalent, and the contextual meaning of figurative used in the song lyrics.
Similar research is undertaken by Sholihah (2018) in the journal "The Meaning of Semantic Analysis within Song's Lyrics A Head Full of Dreams Album By Coldplay".The object is indeed similar and lexical relation is the theory but the purpose is to analyze the semantic meanings and moral values found in song lyrics in the album "A Head Full of Dreams" by Coldplay.Even though they also found synonyms and antonyms from the research, they have added such as figurative language (metaphor, similes, symbol, hyperboles, and irony).Even though the goal of the research appeared to be similar, the author only concentrated on the lexical relationship, which included synonyms, antonyms, hyponyms, homonyms, polysemy, and meronym.

METHODOLOGY
To find the answer to the problem, this research used the descriptive qualitative method.By this method, it analyzed the data formed in the text.The descriptive-qualitative method creates descriptive data in words and linguistic forms while attempting to grasp confounding phenomena that do not readily lend themselves to quantification (Ariska et al., 2020:178).
The song lyrics are the data for this research and analyze it, it required this method.By this method, it read the data and connected it with the other words which have a relation.To do this research, it required besides the conceptual skill, required supporting tools.Analyzing the song to find the lexical relation is the point of work in this research.To do it, it required simple tools that it can be found easily.The tools used in this research required a laptop and a Smartphone.Surely, it required a connection to the internet to find the song lyrics.
The data which have been analyzed will be formed in the table format.The data in the table are some lyrics consisting of lexical relations.To arrange the table, they will be sorted into synonyms, antonyms, polysemy, homonym, hyponym, and meronym as the classification.After the lyrics analyzed, it will be explained about the lexical relation contained in the lyrics.

FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION Findings
The analysis has been undertaken and arranged as listed below:

Synonym
The synonym that found from the analysis is 22 words that have relation with other words.The analysis has been listed below: And say it's true I've just been spoken A Head Full of Dream

2.
The In the song "A Head Full of Dream", say & spoke.Spoken is the verb 3 of the word speak.But, it can be said as synonym with the word say.As written in the song lyric, spoken interpreted as the verb not noun.According to dictionary, both words have the meaning as pronouncing the word by sound.
In the song "Birds", keep and stay has similar relation that seen in the dictionary.Based on it, both words have the meaning as continue to do something.In the song "Hymn for the Weekend", it found two synonyms.According to dictionary, up and above have the meaning as higher position.
In the song "Everglow", celestial and perfect, according to dictionary, celestial is related with heaven and perfect is nothing mistake or flaw.If both them connected, the characteristic of heaven approaches to the meaning of perfect.So, it implied that they are as synonymous relation.
In the song "Adventure of A Lifetime", say and told.According to dictionary, they have the relation as synonym.Told is the verb 2 and verb 3 from the word tell and the meaning is say something to someone.Say is pronouncing the sound to express something.So, it implied that both them are similar.
In the song "Fun", over and done.Both of them are synonym as it stated from the dictionary.Although the word over has many meaning but if it seen from the lyric, it can be interpreted that has similar meaning.
In the song "Army of One", the synonym is gun and weapon.As read from the dictionary, gun is the weapon and weapon has gun.But it can be stated as synonym, because it seen from the meaning that both words are the object for war.
In the song "Amazing Day", it found hand and arm.The meaning of both words that read from the dictionary, they have similar meaning even though they have difference.Hand is the part of body in the end of arm and arm is the part of body that connects between hand and shoulder.
In the song "Up & Up", there a two synonyms.Take away and heal, two words that actually have different meaning.Based on the dictionary, take away is the main point of a fact and heal is to make someone better from injury.However, they can be stated as synonym, if it seen from the song lyric.Take away means remove based on the interpretation.The last synonym is struggle and fight, both are them have meaning as using effort greatly as read from the Cambridge Dictionary.

Antonym
The antonym that found from the analysis is 14 words that have relation with other words.The analysis has been listed below: In the song "A Head Full of Dream", it found the antonym, it is seem and lost.According to the dictionary, seem is appear and lost is something unknown or can be said missing.If something disappears, it means missing.So, the two words can be stated as antonym.

No
In the song "Birds", fear and fearless are two words that look so similar.Certainly, they are same use word fear.Fear in the dictionary defined as unpleasant emotion when frightened by bad thing.Fearless means not fear and it implied that they are antonym.
In the song "Hymn for the Weekend", high and low, as known that they are the adjective.According to the dictionary, High is large from bottom to top and low is small from bottom to top.
In the song "Everglow", brother and sister.Brother and sister actually have relation in synonym but they have relation too in antonym.They have different in gender, brother is male and sister is female.
In the song "Adventure of a Lifetime", it found one antonym, it is the words alive and die.Based on the dictionary, alive is not death or die and die is stop being alive.In the song "Fun", it found only one antonym that is the word lost and saved.According to the dictionary, lost is unable to find a way and saved is making safe.The lost still not safe and the saved have the place to safe.
In the song "Army of One", it found two antonyms.The word untrue and right.As read from the dictionary, untrue is not true or wrong and right is correct or can be said same with true.The next word, fight and fall.As read from the dictionary, fight is using effort greatly to achieve something and fall is come down to lower position.The antonym can be seen from the term when they don't fight, they will fall.
In the song "Up & Up", there are two antonyms that found from the song lyric.First antonym, together and part, both are them have relation as antonym.The dictionary defines together as something combined and part as something separate.Something that separate can be combined and something that be combined can be separated.The last antonym, break and heal, both are them have relation as antonym.The dictionary defines break as violate or destroy and heal as make well again.

Polysemy
The polisemy that found from the analysis is 15 words.The analysis has been listed below: No. Data Song Title 1.
Come the conference of birds A Head Full of Dream 2.
And in the light just streams A Head Full of Dream 3.
When I was down Hymn For The Weekend 4.
Got me feeling drunk and high Hymn For The Weekend 5.
The light that you left me will everglow Everglow 6.
Turn your magic on Adventure of A Lifetime 8.
I know the falls that the water face Fun 9.
I know it's over Fun 10.
Don't say it was all a waste Fun 11.
The wonders to view Army of One 12.
But the beautifullest treasures lie in the deepest blue Army of One 13.Hope has its proof put your hand in mine saying Amazing Day 14.I drifted away Amazing Day 15.
Can there be breaks in the chaos sometimes Amazing Day Table 3. Polysemy Analysis In the song "A Head Full of Dream", it found two words that contain polysemy.The word conference is a meeting between two or more people for discussing something or a association.The word conference that used in the data has meaning as a association.The word stream is something flow or something related with river.The word stream that used in the data has meaning as something flow.
In the song "Hymn for the Weekend", it found two words that contain polysemy.The word down is toward the lower position or depression.The word down that used in the data has meaning as depression.The word high is top position or something great.The word high that used in the data has meaning as top position.
In the song "Everglow", it found two words that contain polysemy.The word left is side of location or leaving something.The word left that used in data has meaning as leaving something.The word salt can be defined as strew, taste, or ingredient.The word salt that used in the data interpreted as taste.
In the song "Adventure of a Lifetime", it found only one word that contains polysemy.The word turn is move something or change something.The word turn that used in the data has meaning as move something.
In the song "Fun", it found three words that contain polysemy.The word face is the front part of head or dealing with something.The word over has more meaning and it depends on the position.The word can be defined as above, exceeding the limit, and the end.The word over used in the data has meaning as the end.The word waste has the meaning as throw something or something useless.The meaning of word waste used in the data is something useless.
In the song "Army of One", it found two words that contain polysemy.The word wonder defined as something amazing or curiosity.In the data, it defined as something amazing.The word blue can be defined as sea or color.In the data, it interpreted as sea.
In the song "Amazing Day", it found three words that contain polysemy.The word mine can be interpreted as possession pronoun or an excavation.In the data, the word defined as possession pronoun.The word drifted taken from the word drift and drive.The word interpreted as carried by the air or passing the way.In the data, it defined as carried by the air.The word break can be interpreted as destroy or the rest.In the data, it defined as the rest.

Homonym
The homonym that found from the analysis is 13 words that have relation with other words.The analysis has been listed below: And in the light just streams A head full of dreams A Head Full of Dreams

2.
Come on raise this noise Who got not one voice Birds

3.
In this world so cruel I think you're so cool

. Homonym Analysis
In the song "A Head Full of Dream", it found only one homonym.It is stream and dream.Both they have pronunciation that sound similar.Stream /stri:m/ in the dictionary is flowing of water along the formed route.Dream /dri:m/ in the dictionary is the event that happened in the mind when sleeping.
In the song "Birds", it found two homonyms.First, Noise with voice, sound similar if them pronounce.Noise /nɔɪz/ in the dictionary is a loud sound.Voice /vɔɪs/ in the dictionary is a sound from people.If it seen from the meaning, they look similar too besides their pronunciation.Second, cruel with cool, sound similar if they pronounce.Cruel /kruː.əl/ is an extremely unkind and causing person or animal uncomforted.Cool /kuːl/ is excellent or calm.
In the song "Everglow", it found three homonyms.First, Special and celestial sound similar if they pronounce.Based on the dictionary, Special /ˈspeʃ.əl/ is have quality or something important and Celestial /sɪˈles.tʃəl/something from sky or outside of world.Second, snow and know, sound similar if they pronounce.Snow /snəʊ/ is something small, soft, and white made from ice and know /nəʊ/ is having information in the mind.
Third, slow and flow, sound similar if they pronounce.Slow /sləʊ/ is something without speed and flow /fləʊ/ is moving continuously.
In the song "Adventure of a Lifetime", it found only one homonym that is say and day.If they heard when pronounce, they will sound similar.As read from the dictionary, say /seɪ/ has meaning as pronounce the word to express something and day /deɪ/ has meaning as a period of time.
In the song "Fun", it found two homonyms.First, say and way are the words that have pronunciation sound similar but have different meaning.In the dictionary, say /seɪ/ has meaning as pronounce the word to express something and way /weɪ/ has meaning as route or direction.Second, waste and wave.Although, they look not too similar but their pronunciation sound similar.Waste /weɪst/ has meaning as something useful and wave /weɪv/ has meaning as movement of something like water.
In the song "Amazing day", it found two homonyms.First, roof with proof.If they looked, it is clearly they have similar pronunciation.From the dictionary, roof /ruːf/ is something that cover the top part and proof /pruːf/ is the fact that shows the truth.Second, away with sway, have similar pronunciation but have different meaning.Away /əˈweɪ/ is somewhere else and sway /sweɪ/ is move slowly.
In the song "Up & Up", it found two homonyms.The first homonym is flood with blood, sound similar in the pronunciation but their meaning is so dissimilar.According to the dictionary, flood /flʌd/ has meaning as covered with water and blood /blʌd/ has meaning as the red liquid from inside the body.The last homonym is moon and spoon, sound similar in the pronunciation but their meaning is so dissimilar.Moon /muːn/ has meaning as the object form sky that can be seen at the night and spoon /spuːn/ has meaning as something that used for eat, serve, and mix food.

Hyponym
The hyponym that found from the analysis is 4 words that have relation with other words.In the song "Fun", it found two hyponym relations.Falls is part of river.Water is the liquid object.There is word waterfalls and it can be separated as water from the falls.So, the word falls is the hyponym of water.The next hyponym, ocean with wave has relation.There is term ocean wave.Wave has some types like sound wave, light wave, and etc.So, it conclude that the word ocean is the hyponym of the word wave.
In the song "Army of One", it found only one hyponym, it is gun and weapon.Both words look similar but them actually different.Gun is the type of weapon.So, the word gun is the hyponym of the word weapon.
In the song "Up & Up", there is one hyponym relation, it is meal and orange.Meal is same with the food.Orange is the fruit.The fruit is type of something that can be eaten.So, it implied that orange is the hyponym of meal.

Meronym
The meronym that found in the song lyrics from the analysis is 5 words that have relation with other words.The analysis has been listed below: No. Data Song Title 1.
That I shoot across the sky You know you make my world light up Hymn For The Weekend 2.
That I shoot across the sky To make the stars come out Hymn For The Weekend 3.
An ocean awaits From the top of the world Fun

4.
Been around the world, the universe too Army of One 5.
The universe too Tanzaku stars, Lasso the moon Army of One Table 6.Meronym Analysis In the song "Hymn for the Weekend", there are two relations in meronymy.Sky is the upper part of earth.It can be interpreted that sky is the part of earth.Earth is same with world.So, sky implied as the meronym of the word world.The next word, star is the object of the sky.So, it implied that the word star is the meronym of the word sky.
In the song "Fun", it found only one meronymy, it is ocean and world.Ocean is the waters that covered almost part of earth.It implied that the word ocean is meronym of the word world.
In the song "Army of One", it found two relations of meronymy.World is the earth.Earth is the part of the universe.So, it concluded that the word world is the meronym of the word universe.Star and moon is the object from the sky.Sky is the part of universe too.So, it conclude that star and moon is the meronym of universe.
The result of this research has been found.It found that the dominant lexical relation in the song lyrics from Coldplay's album "A Head Full of Dream" is the synonym with 22 relations.A number of lexical relations that found in the data will be listed here:

CONCLUSION
As written in the finding and discussion, it was found that the dominant lexical in the song lyrics from Coldplay's album "A Head Full of Dream" is the synonym with 22 (twentytwo) relations.It is followed by an antonym with 14 (fourteen) relations, polysemy has 15 (fifteen) words, and homonym has 13 (thirteen) relations.Meronym has 5 (five) relations and hyponym has 4 (four) relations.So, meronym is the least lexical relation in this research.The reader will find out how the song lyrics were analyzed.The analysis is using the lexical relation as the theory.Finding the lexical relation and identifying the relationship of the word so the meaning of the word can be interpreted.If this research can give the learning for the reader, it will be motivation for the next research.This research will make the reader knows about the lexical relation.For anyone who learns English linguistics, may this research can be a reference and source for adding to the reader's knowledge.How to identify the song lyric or any text, the reader can look at the analysis so the reader knows what the lexical relation types consisted of in the text.
To me she'd say We are legends every day Adventure of A Lifetime 8.I know it's over before she says A parting of ways Fun 9. Don't say it was all a waste Top of the waves Fun The analysis has been listed below:

Table 7 .
Number of Lexical Relation AnalysisSo, as seen from the table, there are 73 lexical relations that found in the song lyrics from Coldplay's album "A Head Full of Dream".