POLA SERAPAN HARA DAN PERTUMBUHAN BEBERAPA VARIETAS KEDELAI DENGAN BUDIDAYA JENUH AIR DI LAHAN RAWA PASANG SURUT
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32663/ja.v9i1.40Keywords:
Glycine max (L.) Merr, Tanggamus, Slamet, Wilis, Anjasmoro, pyriteAbstract
Saturated soil culture (SSC) technology appropriate to prevent pyrite oxidation on tidal swamps and has been proved to increase the productivity of soybean on non-tidal swamp. The objective of the research was to determine the growth response of soybean varieties under saturated soil culture on tidal swamps. The research was conducted at Banyu Urip, Tanjung Lago, Banyuasin District, and South Sumatera Province, Indonesia from April to August 2009. The experiment was arranged in a split plot design with three replications. The main-plot of the experiment was water depth in the furrow consisted of 10, 20, 30, and 40 cm under soil surface (USS). The subplot of the experiments was soybean varieties consisted of Tanggamus, Slamet, Wilis, and Anjasmoro. No-watering was arranged out of the design as a comparison. The result showed that nutrient absorption of N, K and Mn by Tanggamus was higher than those of other varieties, except K, however K absorption of Tanggamus was not significantly different from Anjasmoro. P and Fe absorption of Tangamus tended to be higher than the other varieties, although statistically they were not affected by variety. However, technically and economically, 20 cm USS was the most appropriate water depth for soybean production at tidal swamps.
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Suyamto et al. 2007. Pengelolaan tanaman terpadu padi lahan rawa pasang surut. Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian. Departemen Pertanian. 37 hlm.
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Widjaja-Adhi IPG, Nugroho K, Suriadikarta DA, Karama A.S. 1992. Sumberdaya Lahan Rawa: Potensi, keterbatasan dan pemanfaatan. Didalam: Partohardjono, S. dan M. Syam, editor. Risalah Pertemuan Nasional Pengembangan Pertanian Di lahan Rawa Pasang Surut Dan Lebak. Cisarua 3-4 Maret 1992. Badan Litbang Pertanian. Bogor.
[CSIRO] Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation. 1983. Soybean response to controlled waterlodging. Di dalam: Lehane R, editor. Rural Research. The Science Communication of CSIRO’s Beaureau of Scientific Services. hlm 4-8.
[DEPTAN] Departemen Pertanian. 2008. Rencana aksi percepatan peningkatan produksi kedelai tahun 2008. Pertemuan teknis penanaman kedelai. Jakarta. 17 hlm.
Djayusman M, Suastika IW, Soelaeman Y. 2001. Refleksi pengalaman dalam pengembangan sestem usaha pertanian di lahan pasang surut, Pulau Rimau. Seminar Hasil Penelitian Pengembangan Sistem Usaha Pertanian Lahan Pasang Surut Sumatera Selatan. Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian, Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanah dan Agroklimat. Bogor, Juni 2001.
Fehr WR, Cavines CE, Burmood DT, Pennington JS. 1971. Stage of development descriptions for soybeans Glycine max (L.) Merill. Crop Sci., 11: 929-931.
Garside AL, Lawn RJ, Byth DE. 1982. Irrigation Management of Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merill) in a Semi-arid Tropical Environment. III. Response to Saturated Soil Culture. Aust. J. Agric. Res., 43: 1019-1032.
Ghulamahdi M, Rumawas F, Wiroatmojo J, Koswara J. 1991. Pengaruh pemupukan fosfor dan vari terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi kedelai pada budidaya jenuh air. Forum pasca Sarjana, 14(1): 25-34.
Ghulamahdi M. 1999. Perubahan fisiologi tanaman kedelai (Glycine max (L.) Merill) pada budidaya tadah hujan dan jenuh air. Disertasi. Bogor. Program Pascasarjana. Institut Pertanian. Bogor.
Ghulamahdi M, Aziz SA, Melati M, Dewi N, Rais SA. 2006. Aktivitas nitrogenase, serapan hara dan pertumbuhan dua varietas kedelai pada kondisi jenuh air dan kering. Bul. Agron., 34(1):32-38.
Ghulamahdi M, Melati M, Murdianto. 2009. Penerapan teknologi budidaya jenuh air dan penyimpanan benih kedelai di lahan pasang surut. Laporan akhir program insentif tahun 2009. Kementrian Negara Riset dan Teknologi.
Inderadewa D, Sastrowinoto S, Notohadiswarno S, Prabowo H. 2004. Metabolisme nitrogen pada tanaman kedelai yang mendapat genangan dalam parit. Ilmu Pertanian, 2: 68-75.
Lawn B. 1985. Saturated Soil Culture Expanding the Adaptation of Soybeans. Food Legumes Newsletter, 3: 2-3.
Marschner H. 1995. Mineral Nutrition of Higher Plants. London. Academic Press. hlm 229-369.
Nathanson K, Lawn R L, De Fabrun PLM, Byth DE. 1984. Growth, nodulation and nitrogen accumulation by soybean in saturated soil culture. Field Crops Res., 8: 73-92.
[PUSLITBANGTAN] Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan. 2009. Deskripsi Varietas Unggul Palawija 1918-2009. Bogor. 330 hlm.
Ralph W. 1983. Soybean Response to Controlled Waterlodging. Rural Res., 120: 4-8.
Small HG, Ohlrogge AJ. 1973. Plant analysis as an aid in fertilizing soybean and peanuts. Di dalam: Walsh LM, Beaton JD, editor. Soil testing and plant analysis. Edisi Revisi. Madison: Soil Science Society of America. hlm 315-327.
Suastika IW, Sutriadi MT. 2001. Pengaruh Perbaikan Tata Air Mikro terhadap Kualitas Air Tanah dan Hasil Tanaman. Seminar Hasil Penelitian Pengembangan Sistem Usaha Pertanian Lahan Pasang Surut Sumatera Selatan. Badan Penelitin dan Pengembangan Pertanian. Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanah dan Agroklimat. Bogor. Juni 2001.
Subagyo H. 1997. Potensi pengembangan dan tata ruang lahan rawa untuk pertanian. h. 17-55. Di dalam: A.S. Karama et al., editor. Prosiding Simposium Nasional dan Kongres VI PERAGI. Makalah Utama. Jakarta, 25-27 Juni 1996.
Subagyo H. 2006. Klasifikasi dan Penyebaran Lahan Rawa. Di dalam: Suriadikarta, D.A., U. Kurnia, Mamat H.S., W. Hartatik, D. Setyorini, editor. Karakteristik dan Pengelolaan Lahan Rawa. Ed ke-1. Bogor: Balai Besar Penelitian Dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian, Badan Penelitian Dan Pengembangan Pertanian, Departemen Pertanian. Hlm 1-22.
Sudaryono, Taufiq A, Wijanarko A. 2007. Peluang peningkatan produksi kedelai di Indonesia. Dalam: Sumarno, Suyamto, Widjono A, Hermanto dan Kasim H, Editor. Kedelai – Teknik Produksi dan Pengembangan. Bogor: Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan. Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian. Departemen Pertanian. hlm 130-167.
Sunarto. 2001. Toleransi kedelai terhadap tanah salin. Bul. Agron., 29(1), 27-30.
Suriadikarta DA. 2005. Pengelolaan Lahan Sulfat Masam untuk Usaha Pertanian. Jurnal Litbang Pertanian, 24(1), 36-45.
Suyamto et al. 2007. Pengelolaan tanaman terpadu padi lahan rawa pasang surut. Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian. Departemen Pertanian. 37 hlm.
Taiz L, Zeiger E. 1998. Plant Physiology. Ed ke-2. Massachucetts: Sinauer Associates Inc. Publ. hlm 259-282.
Troedson RJ, Lawn RJ, Byth DE, Wilson GL. 1984. Nitrogen Fixation by Soybean in Saturated Soil. Austral. Legume Nodulation Conf. Sidney.
Troedson RJ, Garside AL, Lawn RJ, Byth DE, Wilson GL. 1984. Saturated soil culture-an innovative water management option for soybean in the tropics and subtropics. Di dalam: Shanmugasundaram S and Sulzberger EW, Editor. Soybean in Tropical and Subtropical Cropping Systems. Proc. of a Symp. Tsukuba. Japan. hlm 171–180.
Widjaja-Adhi IPG, Nugroho K, Suriadikarta DA, Karama A.S. 1992. Sumberdaya Lahan Rawa: Potensi, keterbatasan dan pemanfaatan. Didalam: Partohardjono, S. dan M. Syam, editor. Risalah Pertemuan Nasional Pengembangan Pertanian Di lahan Rawa Pasang Surut Dan Lebak. Cisarua 3-4 Maret 1992. Badan Litbang Pertanian. Bogor.
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